Publicación:
Modelación de inundaciones en zona urbana: caso de estudio Riohacha, ciudad costera al norte de Colombia comparando los modelos MODCEL e IBER

dc.contributor.authorPérez-Montiel, Jhonny Isaac
dc.contributor.authorCARDENAS MERCADO, LEYNER
dc.contributor.authorGalindo Montero, Andres Alfonso
dc.coverage.spatialDistrito Especial, Turístico y Cultural de Riohacha
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-01T21:30:20Z
dc.date.available2025-04-01T21:30:20Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionIncluye índice de figuras y tablasspa
dc.description.abstractSe comparan dos modelos de simulación de inundaciones (MODCEL e IBER) aplica dos en Riohacha, ciudad costera ubicada al norte de Colombia, donde el fenómeno de La Niña genera lluvias intensas con consecuente inundaciones graves. MODCEL es un modelo de tipo conceptual que ya se había calibrado y validado en un trabajo anterior. IBER es un modelo hidráulico de tipo físicamente basado 2D que se ha calibrado y validado en este estudio con los mismos datos usados para MODCEL, tanto para la topografía, como para las alturas de inundación. Los hietogramas de precipitación utilizados para la calibración y validación corresponden al evento del 18 de septiembre del 2011 y 29 de noviembre del 2011 con tiempo de retorno de 84 años y 10 años respectivamente. Se ha comparado el desempeño de los modelos considerando las bondades de ajuste, versatilidad, robustez y sencillez de uso. Para determinar los indicadores de ajuste se consideró la profundidad del agua en la parte más baja de la celda y en las viviendas ubicadas en las celdas de transporte (calles) y celdas tipo tanque (humedales). En general, MODCEL presentó mejor desempeño según varios indicadores de bondad tanto en la calibración, como en validación. El rendimiento de los dos modelos fue similar en los centros de celdas tipo tanque (hu medales), donde la topografía fue detallada manualmente. Los mejores resultados de MODCEL es posiblemente justificado por la falta de una topografía más refinada que incluya incluso la complejidad del tejido urbano. Sin embargo, posiblemente ni siquiera ese elemento alcanzaría a cambiar el éxito de la comparación porque existen muchas obras hidráulicas que difícilmente pueden ser representadas adecuadamen te en IBER (al menos en su versión 2.3.1 utilizada en este estudio). En MODCEL esta información pudo incorporarse explorando las indicaciones cualitativas obtenidas de la encuesta que han permitido construir un mapa real de las direcciones de flujo a través de la ciudad punto base para establecer la esquematización del territorio en celdas y sus conexiones. MODCEL tiene un mejor desempeño técnico que IBER, su aplicación es difícil porque requiere una profunda comprensión del territorio, mucho esfuerzo y tiempo para la esquematización y una sólida experiencia que práctica mente lo limita a sus creadores; además, MODCEL es mucho menos amigable que IBER. A pesar que MODCEL es cuasi 2D no permite obtener mapas de inundación ni comportamiento de la velocidad, punto fuerte de IBER que además tiene una interfaz sencilla y fácil de utilizar. De todos modos, los dos modelos capturan suficientemen te bien el comportamiento de las inundaciones urbanas y sus cambios en relación a posibles intervenciones, por lo que constituyen herramientas de planificación clave para la gestión de riesgo de desastres frente al problespa
dc.description.abstractTwo flood simulation models (MODCEL and IBER) applied in Riohacha, a coastal city located in northern Colombia, are compared where the La Niña phenomenon generates intense rainfalls with harsh flooding. MODCEL is a conceptual model that had already been calibrated and validated in a previous work. IBER is a 2D physically based hydraulic model that has been calibrated and validated in this study with the same data used for MODCEL, both for topography and flood heights.The precipi tation hyetograms used for calibration and validation correspond to the events of September 18, 2011 and November 29, 2011 with return period of 84 years and 10 years, respectively. The performance of the models has been compared considering the indicators of fitting goodness. versatility, robustness and simplicity of use. To determine the adjustment indicators, the depth of water in the lowest part of the cell and in the houses located in the transport cells (streets) and tank cells (wet lands) were considered. Generally speaking, MODCEL performs better according to a plethora of goodness indicators, both in calibration and validation. The perfor mance of the two models was similar in the tank cell sites (wetlands), where the to pography was manually detailed. The better results of MODCEL is possibly justified by the lack of a more refined topography including even the complexity of the urban fabric. However, we suspect that neither that element would change the outcome of the comparison; there are indeed several hydraulic works spread across the town that hardly could adequately be represented in IBER (at least version 2.3.1 used in this study). In MODCEL this information could be to incorporate taking advantage of the indications provided by the enquired people, which allowed us to build a map of the real flow directions across the town (a key element to set up the cells schematization needed by MODCEL). MODCEL has a better technical performance than IBER, Its application is difficult because it requires a deep understanding of the territory, a lot of effort and time for the schematization and a solid experience that practically limits its creators; moreover, MODCEL is much less user-friendly than IBER. Although MODCEL is quasi 2D, it does not allow to obtain flood maps or velocity behavior, a strong point of IBER, which also has a simple and easy to use interface. In any case, the two models capture sufficiently well the behavior of ur ban flooding and its changes in relation to possible interveeng
dc.description.editionPrimera edición
dc.description.notesIncluye mapas a colorspa
dc.description.tableofcontentsIntroducción 1. Fundamentación teórico – conceptual 1.1 Cambio climático 1.2 Variabilidad climática 1.3 Fenómeno de el niño 1.4 Fenómeno de la niña 1.5 Inundaciones 1.6 Modelación de inundaciones 2. Procedimiento metodológico 2.1 Zona de estudio 2.2 Población y muestra 2.3 Descripción de las herramientas de modelación 2.3.1 MODCEL (modelación en celdas) 2.3.2 IBER (modelización hidráulica bidimensional) 2.4 Indicadores de bondad de ajuste 2.5 Información de partida para configurar IBER 2.5.1 División del área de estudio en celdas 2.5.2 Topografía 2.5.3 Condiciones iniciales y de borde 2.5.4 Precipitación 2.5.5 Usos del suelo 2.5.6 Infiltración 2.5.7 Estructuras hidráulicas 2.5.8 Selección de celdas para la comparación de los modelos 53 2.5.9 Interpretación y configuración datos iniciales de MODCEL Configuración y simulación en IBER - evento de calibración 2.7 Validación de los modelos 2.8 Escenarios de inundaciones futuras 2.9 Análisis comparativo de los modelos MODCEL E IBER 3. Análisis y discusión de los resultados 3.1 Mapa de inundación en la calibración de IBER 3.2 comparación de los modelos en el evento de calibración 3.3 Comparación de los modelos en el evento de validación 3.4 Mapas de inundación 3.5 Escenarios de inundación futuros 3.6 Características de los modelos 3.6.1 Sencillez 3.6.2 Versatilidad 3.6.3 Robustez y requerimiento de cómputo Conclusiones Recomendaciones Referenciasspa
dc.format.extent131 páginas
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.isbn979-628-7718-48-7
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositoryinst.uniguajira.edu.co/handle/uniguajira/1541
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad de La Guajira
dc.publisher.placeDistrito Especial, Turistico y Cultural de Riohacha
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dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subject.proposalInundaciones urbanasspa
dc.subject.proposalAdaptación urbana verdespa
dc.subject.proposalModelo matemáticospa
dc.subject.proposalIBERspa
dc.subject.proposalMODCELspa
dc.subject.proposalComparaciónspa
dc.subject.proposalEscorrentíasspa
dc.subject.proposalUrban floodingeng
dc.subject.proposalUrban green adaptationeng
dc.subject.proposalMathematical modelingeng
dc.subject.proposalComparisoneng
dc.subject.proposalRunoffeng
dc.titleModelación de inundaciones en zona urbana: caso de estudio Riohacha, ciudad costera al norte de Colombia comparando los modelos MODCEL e IBERspa
dc.typeLibro
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2f33
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dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/book
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0826-5452
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0193-373X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8383-2512
relation.isAuthorOfPublication74e929e2-b0a6-48da-9291-57476c1e3bb7
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery74e929e2-b0a6-48da-9291-57476c1e3bb7

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